Developing Bhakti (Sutra 34-50)
In these Sutras Narada mentions various Sadhanas or means for developing devotion. It should be borne in mind that these means are only accessories because we had already seen that Bhakti is its own means. Devotion to God is attained by abandoning all sensual pleasures and attachment to external objects. Success is achieved in the practice of devotion by uninterrupted worship. Bhakti develops from listening to and singing of the attributes and glories of the Lord, even while engaged in the ordinary activities of life in the world.
In spite of all these self-efforts, devotion can be obtained mainly by the grace of great men and through a little Divine Grace. The company of the great souls is again difficult to attain. Such company is hard to make out but infallible in its effect. It is difficult because the seeker himself must be qualified and suitably equipped to receive the grace of the sages and it is hard to get because good things are always rare in this world. But with the grace of God, the teacher and disciple are brought together in a mysterious way. The Divine Grace may dawn in the form of concentration, serenity, devotion, vision of the Lord etc., when the distinction between the lover and the loved is annihilated and the devotee becomes a part of the Lord. Hence Narada advises to strive for the love of God alone.
The other Sadhana suggested by Narada is giving up of evil company which is the cause of lust, anger, delusion, loss of memory, loss of intellect and total ruin. Though the evil tendencies like lust, anger, etc. rise only in the form of ripples in the beginning they become like an ocean as a result of evil company.
Narada now tells us about those who cross Maya or the world of senses. Maya is that illusory power of God that takes us away from reality and attracts us to the fleeting sensual pleasures. The influence of Maya is subtle and undetectable,
The sage says that he who
1. Avoids all contacts with sense objects which inflame passions and resorts to a great spiritual teacher and serves him and is free from mine ness (mamakara).
2. Resorts to a solitary and holy place rooting out worldly desires and bonds, transcends the three Gunas and gives up all ideas of acquisition and preservation.
3. Renouncing the fruits of his actions and avoiding selfish actions goes beyond the pairs of opposites like pleasure and pain, love and hatred etc.
4. Renounces even the rituals prescribed in the Vedas and obtains undivided, undiluted, and uninterrupted flow of love towards God verily crosses Maya, the ocean of Samsara.
5. He overcomes all limitations and becomes a true saviour of the world and sanctifies the entire universe.
Nature of Love (Sutra 51-67)
These aphorisms speak of the identification marks of devotion. Narada at the outset declares that the nature of love is incapable being described or defined in precise words. His statement to this effect “Anirvachaniyam Premasvarupam” is very powerful. Just like a blind man can not enjoy or understand the beauty of sun set or moon light or as it is impossible to explain the sweetness of a fruit to one who had not eaten it, the sweetness of Bhakti is indescribable to another.
Devotion is a feeling to be experienced and not a thing to be described. Written language or spoken word can deal with external objects but internal emotion like Bhakti is beyond the realm of tongue or pen. But for our day to day purposes there is no other way but to employ language to indicate the nature of Bhakti.
Narada says that love of devotion manifests itself in a qualified person some time or the other. Divine love is devoid of all attributes (gunarahitam), ever expanding, continuous, and most subtle and is of the nature of inner experience (anubhavarupam). Having attained that, the devotee sees, speaks, hears and thinks only about the object of his devotion.
So far we have dealt with Para Bhakti or primary type of devotion whereby the devotee attains his beloved Lord. Narada now takes up a discussion on Gauni Bhakti or Apara Bhakti which is secondary or initial stages of devotion.
Secondary devotion is of three types according to the three attributes or Gunas viz. Sattwa, Rajas and Tamas and based on the distinctions of the aspirant like those afflicted, the seeker of knowledge and the self-interested. The first classification is based on the traditional division of the mental qualities and dispositions of the devotee while the second type of categorization is based on the difference in the motives that impel the Bhakta.
While repeating that the path of Bhakti is easier than any other methods for attaining salvation, that devotion is in the nature of absolute peace and supreme bliss, Narada assures that the devotee should feel no anxiety about the miseries of the world as he has consecrated himself, the world and everything else to the Lord. At the same time he advises that till Bhakti is developed one must not neglect to observe one’s own social customs and ceremonies.
One should certainly perform them, but the fruits thereof are to be surrendered to the Lord. Such obstacles to devotion as women, wealth, atheism, enmity, egoism, hypocrisy and other vices should be totally annihilated. Love and love alone which transcends the three forms mentioned above should be practiced with single pointed devotion to God.
Glories of Devotees (Sutra 68-73)
Narada now describes the glories of the Bhaktas. He says that the devotees are always full of emotions and intense feelings. They purify their families and the land which gave birth to them. They are the beacon lights to the whole universe. Such devotees impart sanctity to the already sacred places of pilgrimage, render actions righteous and bestow spiritual authority to the scriptures. They are ever filled with the presence of God; merged or absorbed in Him.
The advent of a true devotee heralds happiness all around. The forefathers of a true devotee rejoice and the celestials dance on the arrival of the saviour.
There exists no distinction among them based on caste, learning, form, birth, wealth and the like e.g. Kabir was a common weaver, Raidas a sweeper, Nandanar an untouchable, Ashtavakra, a physically cripple and yet they were great spiritual luminaries.
All devotees belong to the Lord. They are all the objects of His special love and care on account of their devotion.